Emotional distress is a complicated concept that can be difficult to prove on a case-by-case basis. The most common approach is to add up the medical bills related to an accident and multiply them by a number between 1.5 on the low end and 4 or 5 on the high end. The travel method assigns a daily rate for emotional distress and calculates damages based on the number of days the plaintiff has suffered and is expected to suffer in the future. The multiplier method uses your total economic damages to calculate the value of the damages caused by pain and Suffering.
A number between 1.5 and five (the multiplier) is chosen based on the facts of your case. The more serious your injuries and damages, the higher the multiplier.